Research Area 3: The Plurality of Normative Orders: Competition, Overlapping, Interconnection
The studies in this research area will be inspired and guided by a tripartite problem focus. In the first place, attention will be devoted to the diversity of competing patterns and forms of order above the level of the state. These are in the first instance the “old” concepts of order as stable power and rule, though their specific present-day realisations are often caught up in overlaps, and hence also in normative tensions, between global and regional, state, quasi-state and private processes of the formation of order. If one thinks of such a globally highly influential concept as that of (internal and external) security, it becomes clear that a global security order (being striven for) is already an inherently plural construct. Moreover, its realisation is pursued using different means and normative concepts (for example, peace, criminal law, human rights, violence and justice) and through different kinds of actors (states, companies, international organisations, etc.) which, in turn, stand in relations of tension with each other or with one of the partial aims, values or goods. We also observe that correspondingly different types of legitimation and legitimacy of supranational orders compete with each other. Thus, political orders are often legitimised either by recourse to public interests or to social development or to democratic participation. The intention in Research Area III is to engage in empirical research and normative reflection on new types of legitimation in the plural.
Subsections of Research Area III:
1. Institutions and Modes of the Formation of Order beyond the State – Actors, Processes and Contradictions
2. The Security of Normative Orders - Peace, Law and Violence
3. The Legitimation of Supranational Orders - Public Interests, Effective Coordination and Democratic Participation
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